{"id":23734,"date":"2026-11-04T01:58:57","date_gmt":"2026-11-04T01:58:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/?p=23734"},"modified":"2026-11-04T01:59:01","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T01:59:01","slug":"solar-mounting-system-wind-load-calculation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/solar-mounting-system-wind-load-calculation\/","title":{"rendered":"Solar Mounting System Wind Load Calculation: What You Need to Know\uff082026\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Last Updated: November 4th, 2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641:<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/devi-huang-560856422\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-color\">\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a <\/mark><\/a>| \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">ALV<\/mark><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 ALV\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind load is one of the most important factors in solar mounting system design. Strong winds can create uplift, downward pressure, and lateral forces that affect PV modules, mounting rails, clamps, brackets, support posts, and foundations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For solar installers, EPC contractors, and project developers, understanding wind load calculations is essential for selecting a reliable mounting structure, controlling project costs, and reducing structural risks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This guide explains the main factors affecting solar mounting system wind loads, the basic calculation principles, relevant engineering standards, and practical considerations for rooftop, ground-mounted, and solar carport projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. What Is Wind Load on a Solar Mounting System?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind load is the force exerted by moving air on a structure or surface. For a photovoltaic mounting system, wind can act on both the front and rear surfaces of solar panels, generating pressure and suction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on wind direction, array geometry, and surrounding conditions, the resulting forces may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Wind uplift:<\/strong>&nbsp;Suction that tends to lift solar panels and pull mounting connections away from their supports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Downward pressure:<\/strong>&nbsp;Wind pressure acting toward the supporting structure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lateral force:<\/strong>&nbsp;Horizontal forces that can cause sliding, bending, or movement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Overturning moment:<\/strong>&nbsp;A rotational effect that can increase the demand on posts, anchors, and foundations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind uplift is particularly important because the loads must be transferred safely through the entire structural system, from the PV modules and clamps to the rails, brackets, primary supports, and foundations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.asce.org\/publications-and-news\/asce-7\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">ASCE\/SEI 7-22 <\/mark><\/a>provides minimum design load criteria for buildings and other structures, including procedures for determining wind loads on relevant structures and solar panel installations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Why Is Wind Load Calculation Important?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A solar mounting system must be designed for the wind conditions and structural requirements of its installation site. An incorrect wind load assumption can result in insufficient connections, excessive material use, or structural damage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Proper wind load calculations help project teams:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Verify the structural strength of mounting rails, brackets, clamps, and support members.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Determine the design requirements for anchors, bolts, and foundations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evaluate wind uplift and overturning effects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Select suitable materials and structural configurations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Avoid unnecessary overdesign while maintaining the required safety margins.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Support engineering reviews, permitting, and project documentation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nrel.gov\/docs\/fy20osti\/75804.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\"> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 (NREL)<\/mark><\/a> has documented the effects of severe weather on photovoltaic systems, including the importance of wind-induced uplift and the performance of module mounting and clamping arrangements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A key principle is that the solar module, mounting structure, connections, and foundation must be evaluated as a connected load-resisting system. A strong rail alone cannot compensate for an inadequately designed clamp, anchor, or foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3. What Factors Affect Solar Mounting System Wind Loads?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind load calculations require more than the maximum wind speed. Several site-specific and structural parameters determine the final design loads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.1 Basic Wind Speed<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Basic wind speed is a fundamental input in wind engineering. The applicable value depends on the project location, the governing building code, and the associated risk category and wind-speed definition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before starting a calculation, confirm:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The project&#8217;s geographic location.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The basic wind speed specified by the governing code.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Whether the specified speed is a three-second gust, a mean wind speed, or another defined measure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The applicable risk category and code edition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind speeds from different standards cannot automatically be compared as equivalent values. Their averaging periods, reference conditions, and associated design procedures may differ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.2 Terrain Exposure and Surrounding Buildings<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Terrain exposure affects how wind speed varies with height.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, a solar installation in an open coastal area may experience different wind conditions from an installation surrounded by dense urban buildings or mature trees.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Under ASCE 7, exposure categories, including B, C, and D where applicable, represent different upstream terrain conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Coastal exposure, open agricultural land, and unobstructed industrial sites should therefore be assessed carefully rather than assigned the same assumptions without justification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.3 Installation Height<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind conditions and pressure parameters can change with height. Elevated solar carports and ground-mounted systems with high clearances may therefore require different assessments from low-profile rooftop installations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The relevant height depends on the calculation procedure and the structure being evaluated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.4 Panel Tilt Angle and Array Geometry<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Panel tilt, row spacing, module dimensions, and the distance between the panels and the roof or ground affect aerodynamic behavior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A tilted array can experience different pressure distributions from a low-profile array mounted nearly parallel to a roof.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For large ground-mounted arrays, the position of each row and the shielding effects of neighboring rows may also influence the design loads.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.5 Roof Shape and Array Position<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For rooftop systems, the roof slope, building height, roof edges, ridges, and array setbacks can significantly influence wind pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Roof-edge and corner regions may experience higher local suction than interior areas. The applicable code procedure must be used to determine whether different zones or pressure coefficients apply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>3.6 Topography and Local Wind Conditions<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Hills, ridges, escarpments, and other terrain features can accelerate wind flow. Local code requirements may also include elevation-related adjustments and other factors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For projects in coastal or typhoon-prone regions, the design team should confirm the applicable wind-speed maps, exposure conditions, and code requirements rather than relying on a general regional wind-speed estimate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>4. How to Calculate Wind Load on a Solar Mounting System<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>A practical wind load calculation generally follows a structured engineering workflow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 1: Confirm the Applicable Design Standard<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Identify the building code and wind design standard adopted by the project&#8217;s jurisdiction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on the location, relevant documents may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>ASCE\/SEI 7 in the United States and jurisdictions that adopt it.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Eurocodes and applicable National Annexes in Europe.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The Saudi Building Code for applicable projects in Saudi Arabia.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Other locally adopted structural design standards.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The selected standard determines the applicable wind-speed definition, load combinations, pressure coefficients, and calculation procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Do not combine individual provisions from different standards without an engineering justification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 2: Determine the Basic Wind Speed<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Obtain the applicable basic wind speed from the governing standard and the project&#8217;s location.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Record the source, code edition, risk category, and any relevant conditions associated with the value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 3: Establish the Wind Pressure Parameters<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For ASCE-based calculations, relevant parameters may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wind directionality factor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Exposure coefficient.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Topographic factor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elevation factor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Velocity pressure exposure coefficient.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Gust-effect factor, where applicable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The exact factors and equations depend on the selected procedure and type of structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 4: Determine the Applicable Pressure or Force Coefficients<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The aerodynamic coefficients depend on the structure&#8217;s geometry and configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rooftop solar panels, ground-mounted PV arrays, and elevated solar carports should not automatically be treated as the same aerodynamic structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.asce.org\/education-and-events\/explore-education\/on-demand-webinars\/an-introduction-to-asce-7-22-wind-loads--part-3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">ASCE 7-22 <\/mark><\/a>includes provisions addressing wind loads on rooftop solar panels and provisions for ground-mounted solar arrays. The applicable section and method must be confirmed for the particular installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 5: Calculate Design Pressure or Force<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A simplified velocity-pressure relationship used in US customary units under ASCE-based procedures is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>q = 0.00256 Kz Kzt Kd V\u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>q<\/strong>&nbsp;= velocity pressure, in pounds per square foot (psf).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kz<\/strong>&nbsp;= velocity pressure exposure coefficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kzt<\/strong>&nbsp;= topographic factor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kd<\/strong>&nbsp;= wind directionality factor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>V<\/strong>&nbsp;= applicable basic wind speed, in miles per hour (mph).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This equation represents a velocity-pressure calculation, not the final net design pressure on a solar panel or mounting structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The applicable gust-effect treatment, pressure coefficients, internal pressure where relevant, and other required adjustments must still be considered under the selected code procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For a net pressure calculation, a general conceptual relationship is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>p = q \u00d7 Cnet<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>p<\/strong>&nbsp;= net design pressure, when the chosen procedure defines the terms accordingly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>q<\/strong>&nbsp;= applicable reference velocity pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cnet<\/strong>&nbsp;= the applicable net pressure coefficient or combined aerodynamic coefficient, as defined by the selected method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This simplified expression is for explaining the calculation concept. It must not replace the complete equations and definitions in the governing standard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 6: Convert Pressure into Force<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Once the applicable design pressure has been determined, the force on a defined area can be calculated using:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>F = p \u00d7 A<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Where:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>F<\/strong>&nbsp;= force.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>p<\/strong>&nbsp;= applicable pressure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>A<\/strong>&nbsp;= the corresponding loaded area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For example, if a uniform net pressure of 1.0 kPa acts over an area of 2.0 m\u00b2, the resulting force is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>F = 1.0 \u00d7 2.0 = 2.0 kN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is a mathematical illustration, not a recommended design pressure for a PV installation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For real projects, pressure distribution, tributary areas, load sharing, and the appropriate wind load cases must be evaluated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Step 7: Check the Entire Load Path<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The calculated loads must be transferred through the structural system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Depending on the project, checks may include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>PV module frame and allowable mounting zones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mid clamps and end clamps.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aluminum or steel mounting rails.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rail splices and rail-to-bracket connections.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Brackets, posts, and primary beams.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roof attachments, anchors, and supporting roof members.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ground piles, concrete foundations, and soil resistance.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Applicable structural load combinations and serviceability requirements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The governing design should address both component strength and the overall stability of the installed system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>5. A Simplified Wind Pressure Calculation Example<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Consider a hypothetical solar installation with the following assumed inputs:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Parameter<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Illustrative value<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Basic wind speed<\/td><td>40 m\/s<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Exposure coefficient, Kz<\/td><td>0.90<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Topographic factor, Kzt<\/td><td>1.00<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Directionality factor, Kd<\/td><td>0.85<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Reference pressure model<\/td><td>Simplified velocity pressure<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>For an illustrative SI calculation, the velocity pressure relationship is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>q = 0.613 Kz Kzt Kd V\u00b2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Substituting the assumed values:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>q = 0.613 \u00d7 0.90 \u00d7 1.00 \u00d7 0.85 \u00d7 40\u00b2<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>q \u2248 751 Pa = 0.751 kPa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This result is only an illustrative velocity pressure calculated from the stated assumptions. It is not the final wind pressure or design load for the solar mounting system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The example does not establish that the assumed factors are appropriate for a real site. It also does not include the complete pressure-coefficient procedure, applicable gust-effect treatment, load combinations, or local code requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The final design pressure may be substantially different depending on the structure type, array position, roof geometry, aerodynamic coefficients, and governing standard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For an actual project, a qualified structural engineer should verify the inputs and complete the calculation under the adopted design code.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6. Wind Load Differences Between Rooftop, Ground-Mounted, and Carport Systems<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Different mounting configurations have different load paths and aerodynamic conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.1 Rooftop Solar Mounting Systems<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"921\" height=\"789\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23750\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.1673036934349936;width:244px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471.png 921w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471-350x300.png 350w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471-768x658.png 768w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471-14x12.png 14w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471-500x428.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72471-150x129.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 921px) 100vw, 921px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Rooftop PV mounting systems are influenced by building height, roof slope, roof-edge zones, module tilt, and the mounting distance above the roof surface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Important design considerations include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wind uplift on modules and mounting rails.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Local pressure differences near roof edges and corners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clamp spacing and module attachment locations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roof attachment strength and the capacity of the underlying structure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Waterproofing and compatibility with the existing roof system.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>For metal roofs, the roof attachment and the supporting roof sheet or purlins must be assessed as part of the load path. A mounting clamp&#8217;s rated capacity alone does not establish the capacity of the complete roof assembly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>For flat-roof installations, ballast weight should not be treated as a substitute for a code-compliant assessment of uplift, sliding, overturning, and roof structural capacity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.2 Ground-Mounted Solar Mounting Systems<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"786\" height=\"466\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23751\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.6867183046641854;width:310px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472.png 786w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472-400x237.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472-768x455.png 768w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472-500x296.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72472-150x89.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 786px) 100vw, 786px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Ground-mounted arrays must resist wind loads through their modules, rails, support frames, posts, foundations, and soil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Key considerations include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Array tilt and table geometry.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Row spacing and shielding effects.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Post spacing and structural member dimensions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Foundation uplift, lateral resistance, and overturning.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Soil properties and installation conditions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The effects of wind direction and applicable load combinations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Large ground-mounted solar farms may require specialized aerodynamic assessment, particularly when array configurations fall outside simplified code procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Research published in the <em>Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics<\/em>&nbsp;has examined wind load design methods for ground-mounted multi-row solar arrays using compiled wind tunnel experiments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference: <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jweia.2020.104294\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Browne et al. \u2014 A Wind Load Design Method for Ground-Mounted Multi-Row Solar Arrays<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>6.3 Solar Carport Mounting Systems<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"973\" height=\"729\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23752\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.3347122494909442;width:260px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473.png 973w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473-400x300.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473-768x575.png 768w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473-16x12.png 16w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473-500x375.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u56fe\u72473-150x112.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 973px) 100vw, 973px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Solar carports require particular attention because their elevated canopies can be exposed to wind from multiple directions and may have substantial overturning effects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The structural design may need to consider:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Wind pressure and suction on the canopy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Horizontal forces on the support structure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Overturning moments at the column bases.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Beam, column, and connection strength.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anchor bolts and foundation capacity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Canopy height, tilt angle, and overall arrangement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Applicable wind load combinations and structural stability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The clearance height, canopy dimensions, support spacing, and foundation conditions should be confirmed before the design is finalized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A solar carport should not automatically use the same wind pressure assumptions as a rooftop PV system. The appropriate provisions for the structure type and geometry must be selected under the governing standard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7. How to Design a Solar Mounting System for High Wind Conditions<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For projects in coastal regions, open terrain, hurricane-prone areas, or other high-wind environments, a reliable mounting design starts with accurate project information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.1 Choose Materials for the Structural Requirements<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aluminum and galvanized steel are both used in solar mounting systems, but their suitability depends on the required strength, member geometry, corrosion environment, connection details, and overall structural design.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Aluminum profiles can offer low weight and corrosion resistance when the alloy, temper, finish, and application are appropriately specified.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Galvanized steel may be suitable for applications requiring different stiffness, strength, or structural configurations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Material selection should be based on verified engineering properties and design requirements rather than material type alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.2 Optimize Rail and Support Spacing<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Rail spacing, bracket spacing, and support spacing influence the bending moments and reactions in the mounting structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reducing spacing may reduce the load carried by an individual member, but it can also increase material and installation costs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The correct arrangement should be determined by structural calculations using the applicable design loads and the verified capacities of the selected components.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.3 Verify Clamps and Connections<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Clamps, bolts, rail connectors, brackets, and anchors are essential parts of the load-resisting system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Design verification should account for relevant failure modes, including:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pull-out or pull-over at roof attachments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bolt tension and shear.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clamp slip or disengagement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Local deformation around connection points.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Rail bending and deflection.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Failure of the supporting roof or foundation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Where available, manufacturer test reports and engineering documentation should be reviewed for the actual installation configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.4 Consider Corrosion and Long-Term Performance<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Coastal projects may be exposed to salt spray, moisture, and other corrosive conditions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Appropriate material grades, surface treatments, compatible fasteners, drainage details, and installation practices help support long-term durability.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Corrosion resistance and structural wind resistance are different performance considerations; both must be addressed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>7.5 Request Project-Specific Engineering Verification<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Before selecting a mounting solution, gather the information needed for an accurate engineering assessment:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Project location and applicable wind design standard.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Basic wind speed and terrain exposure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Roof type or foundation arrangement.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Module dimensions, weight, and mounting zones.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Array layout, tilt angle, and support spacing.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Required structural calculations and approval documentation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>A mounting supplier can use this information to help identify a suitable system configuration and provide the relevant product information for engineering review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>8. Common Wind Load Calculation Mistakes<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Several common mistakes can lead to inaccurate design assumptions or incomplete structural verification.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 1: Using wind speed as if it were wind pressure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind speed and pressure are different quantities. Pressure depends on the square of wind speed as well as the applicable factors and design method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 2: Applying one pressure value to every project.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A rooftop system, ground-mounted array, and elevated carport can have different aerodynamic characteristics and design procedures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 3: Ignoring edge and corner effects.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Local pressure coefficients and array positions can significantly affect the forces acting on rooftop PV modules and attachments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 4: Checking the rails but ignoring the connections.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The mounting system&#8217;s capacity depends on the entire load path, including clamps, brackets, anchors, supporting members, and foundations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 5: Treating an illustrative calculation as a final engineering design.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Simplified examples are useful for understanding the process, but real projects require verified inputs, the applicable code equations, and the required load combinations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Mistake 6: Mixing different code editions or wind-speed definitions.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Design inputs and coefficients must be consistent with the governing standard and the procedure being used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avoiding these mistakes helps improve design reliability and makes engineering reviews more efficient.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>9. Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q1. What is the basic formula for solar mounting system wind load calculation?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A simplified force relationship is F = p \u00d7 A, where F is force, p is the applicable pressure, and A is the corresponding loaded area.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the pressure must first be determined using the appropriate wind design procedure, including the required site parameters and aerodynamic coefficients. The simple force equation alone is not sufficient to establish the structural design load.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q2. What wind speed should a solar mounting system withstand?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There is no single wind speed suitable for every solar mounting project.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The required design wind speed depends on the project location, adopted building code, risk category, structure type, and applicable design criteria. The mounting structure must be verified against the loads derived from those requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q3. Why is wind uplift important for solar panels?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Wind uplift can pull modules away from their supports and place tensile or pull-out demands on clamps, fasteners, brackets, and roof attachments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The uplift demand must be transferred safely through the complete mounting structure and into the building or foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q4. Does a higher panel tilt angle increase wind load?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Panel tilt can change the aerodynamic pressure distribution and the forces acting on a PV array. However, the resulting design load also depends on wind direction, array geometry, mounting height, and the applicable pressure coefficients.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A higher tilt angle should therefore be evaluated using the correct design method rather than an assumed universal multiplier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q5. Is the wind load calculation for a solar carport the same as for a rooftop system?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Not necessarily.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solar carports are elevated canopy structures with different geometries, support conditions, and overturning effects from many rooftop installations. The governing standard and the structural configuration determine the appropriate design procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q6. Which mounting material is better for high-wind solar projects: aluminum or galvanized steel?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Neither material is automatically better for every application.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The appropriate solution depends on the member design, material properties, connections, corrosion exposure, structural demands, and project requirements. Both aluminum and galvanized steel systems should be evaluated using verified design data.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q7. What information is needed for a solar mounting system wind load calculation?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The main inputs typically include the project location, governing design standard, basic wind speed, terrain exposure, building or mounting height, roof or array geometry, module dimensions, tilt angle, support layout, and foundation or attachment details.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The exact information required depends on the structure type and the selected calculation procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Q8. Can a mounting system manufacturer provide wind load calculation support?<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>A qualified mounting system manufacturer may provide product specifications, structural design information, component capacities, drawings, and engineering support, depending on the scope of its services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The project design team should confirm whether a site-specific structural calculation, signed engineering documents, or local professional approval is required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>10. Conclusion<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Solar mounting system wind load calculation is essential for designing reliable PV installations. A sound design considers not only the basic wind speed but also terrain exposure, installation height, array geometry, pressure coefficients, connections, and the complete load path to the supporting structure and foundation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rooftop, ground-mounted, and solar carport systems require different engineering considerations. Applying the correct local standard and verifying the actual project conditions are critical steps in developing a safe and cost-effective solution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>At ALV Solar, we manufacture solar mounting systems and aluminum profiles for rooftop, ground-mounted, and carport applications. Our team can help customers evaluate mounting configurations and identify the product information needed for project-specific engineering review.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Planning a solar mounting project?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Visit <a href=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 ALV \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/mark><\/a>&nbsp;to explore our solar mounting solutions. Contact our team with your project location, installation type, module specifications, and preliminary layout to discuss a suitable mounting configuration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Contact ALV Solar<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Website: <a href=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/\"><mark class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-green-cyan-color\">https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a: <mark class=\"has-inline-color has-luminous-vivid-amber-color\">sales@xmalv.com<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"621\" height=\"385\" data-id=\"23754\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23754\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1.png 621w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1-400x248.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1-500x310.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee1-150x93.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 621px) 100vw, 621px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"370\" data-id=\"23753\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23753\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2.png 720w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2-400x206.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2-18x9.png 18w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2-500x257.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee2-150x77.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"384\" data-id=\"23755\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23755\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3.png 554w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3-400x277.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3-18x12.png 18w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3-500x347.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee3-150x104.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"849\" height=\"373\" data-id=\"23756\" src=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23756\" srcset=\"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4.png 849w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4-400x176.png 400w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4-768x337.png 768w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4-500x220.png 500w, https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/\u9879\u76ee4-150x66.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 849px) 100vw, 849px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Last Updated: November 4th, 2026 Author:&nbsp;Devi Huang | International Sales Team, ALV Devi Huang is part of the international sales<\/p>","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[233],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23734","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-solar-mounting-system"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23734","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23734"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23734\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":23757,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23734\/revisions\/23757"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23734"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23734"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/alv-solar.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23734"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}